Eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells

 Eukaryotic cells Information 

Eukaryotic cells that came from the Greek meaning "truly nuclear", it does comprise all of the life kingdoms except "monera". They can be easily distinguished through a membrane-bound nucleus.

Type of eurkaryotic -

1. Plants 
2. Animals,
3. Fungi
4. Slime moulds p
5. Protozoa
6. Algae

These cells are about 15 times wider than a typical prokaryote and can be as much as 1000 times greater in volume. The major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that eukaryotic cells contain "membrane bound" compartments in which specific metabolic activities take place. Most important among these is a cell nucleus, a membrane-delineated compartment that houses the eukaryotic cell's DNA.

Eukaryotic cells also contain many internal membrane-bound structures called organelles. These organelles such as the mitochondrion or chloroplast serve to perform metabolic functions and energy conversion. Other organelles like intracellular filaments provide structural support and cellular motility. The function of individual organelles is described in detail in the Cell Anatomy Section.

1. This nucleus gives the eukaryote its name, which means "true nucleus." Other differences include:
2. The plasma membrane resembles that of prokaryotes in function, with minor differences in the setup. Cell walls may or may not be present.
3. The eukaryotic DNA is organized in one or more linear molecules, called chromosomes, which are associated with histone proteins. All chromosomal DNA is stored in the cell nucleus, separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane. Some eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondria also contain some DNA.
4. Many eukaryotic cells are ciliated with primary cilia. Primary cilia play important roles in chemosensation, mechanosensation, and thermosensation. Cilia may thus be "viewed as sensory cellular antennae that coordinate a large number of cellular signaling pathways, sometimes coupling the signaling to ciliary motility or alternatively to cell division and differentiation."
5. Eukaryotes can move using motile cilia or flagella. The flagella are more complex than those of prokaryotes.